Dr. La Flesche, at 24 years of age, returned to Nebraska where she worked for the Office of Indian Affairs serving the Omaha and Winnebago Tribes. She was the sole physician for 1,244 patients across 450+ square miles. Dr. La Flesche also served the Omahas as a lawyer, accountant, priest, and political and public health advocate. She married Henry Picotte in 1894. After his death in 1905, she opened a private practice in Bancroft, Nebraska serving both Indian and White patients. Through the solicitation of private donations, she built the first modern hospital in Thurston County, in the Omaha reservation town of Walthill, in 1913. After her death in 1915, the hospital was renamed the Dr. Susan LaFlesche Picotte Memorial Hospital. The hospital closed in 1940 and is now a National Historic Landmark.